me-19 saukunis miwuruls sakartvelos politikuri arseboba tiykmis moispo.brals amashi erekle me2s sdebdnen.tumca me12 saukunidan mokidebuli sakartvelo
mudmiv shemosevebs ganicdida gareshe mtrebis mxridan,swored amis gamo sakarytvelo dzlieri rusetis mparvelobis kvesh shevida da iwko sruliad axali
cxovreba.kartvelta mama-papuri zne chveulebebi rusetis zegavlenis kvesh imsxvreoda.kartveli xalxi ki uazro drostarebashi atarebda dros danacionalurobis grznobamac ki ershi miizina.swored am garemoebashi gamochnda sazogado asparezze ilia chavchavadze.im bnelit mocul caze,romelsac shehyurebda wina drois kartveloba.ganatlebisa da umaglesis swavlis zegavlenit ukve gamochndnen adamianebi romlebic hkadagebdnen axa azrebs,evropul swavla-mozgvrebebs. magram mati xma iko susti ,romdidixnit mizinebuli kartveloba gamoegvizebina,amitomac sachiro iko kaci romelic mtkiced dauageboda am gzas sataveshi da moiwvevda gzaze kvelas vincki shezlebda amas.aset maswaveblad axali cxovrebisa ,axali azrebisa,axali mimartulebisa agmochnda axalgazrda jer isev studenti-ilia chavchavadze.studentobisas ilia gatacebuli kopila mashindeli politikuri ambebit.gansakutrebit mas ainteresebda erovnul-revoluciuri mozraoba.koxta apxazi ixsenebs ilias da tavis studentobis shesaeb da ambobs rom ''universitetshi ilias gansakutrebit ainteresebda politikuri da ekonomikuri sagnebi.kitxulobda zvel kartul istoriul wiggnebs.is da ilia xshirad ikribebodnen da saubrobdnen rogorc sazogado sakitxebze ise taviaant dabechavebul samshoblos momavalze.''rusetshi kopnam da swavlam udidesi kvali daamchnia ilias pirovnebasa da mis msoplmxedvelobas.tviton ilia rusetshi gatarebul 4 weliwads''cxovrebis sadzirkvels,sibnelesa dasinatles shua bedisagan gadebuls uwodebs.''ilia tavidanve garkveuli programita damebrdzolis afrialebuli droshit shemodis saqarveloshi da amdroshaze aweria:batonymobis mospoba,demokratizmi da erovnuli ggatavisufleba. 1832 wlis shetqmulebis shemdeg saqrtvelos politikuri azri titqos midzinbuli iyo da mxolod ilias saxit gamococxlda igi: “chveni tavi chvenve gveyudnes” e.i gatavisufleba tvitmpyrobelobis klanchebidan. ai ra politikuri lozungi wamoayena iliam.arsebitad swored am saqmes emsaxureboda igi da misi jgufi sxvdasxva sashualebebit da sxvdasxva gzit.
ilia 1861 wels rustidan shemovida savsebit chamoyalibebuli msoflmxedvelobit, namdvili “tergdaleuli” da sabrdzolod gamzadebuli.ilia chavchavadz iyo moqalaqe da mwerali, romelmac daiwyo axali epoqa qartul sazogadoebashi, rodesac saqrtvelo rusetis wyobilebis koloniad iyo qceuli da tandatan kargavda erovnul saxes. monobashi myofi saqrtvelo ibrdzoda tavis arsebobisatvis, ilia ki mteli 40 weli erovnuli agordzinebis centrshi idga.misi organizatori da aqtiuri monawile iyo, mas savsebit martebulad shegvidzlia vuwodot am modzraobis daucxromeli da ertguli mebrdzoli.
ilia qarveli xalxis gamofxizleba da matshi erovnulobis gamogvidzeba daiwyo tavisi werilebit jurnal gazetebshi. mas gverdshi edga saxva qartveli mwerlebi, romelta gvawlic aranakleb didia saqrtvelostvis.man da misma mimdevrebma sheqmnes wera-kitxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoeba, romelic xels iwyobda saqrveloshi qartuli enis ganvitarebas da gavrcelebas. manve am miznit sheqmna banki, romelic emsaxureboda sazogado siketes. igi aseve winaamdegi iyo batonymobis da imeds gamotqvamda rom movidoda dro tavisuflebisa dasamartlisa. aset rwmenis patroni ilia sheeswro 1905 wlis revulucias, romelshic qartvelma glexobam da proletariatma tvtmpyrobelobastan brdzolashi ududesi revoluciuri energia gamoachina. cheshmaritad swored mashin sheidzleboda gvetqva iliasave sityva: “xalxi azvirtda, xalxi asdga, xalxi moqmedebs kaspiis zgvidan shav zgvamdin rt fiqrs fiqrobs da es fiqria chveni qveynis tavisufleba”. saqrtveloshi erovnul-ganmatavisuflbeli modzraoba tandatan dzlierdeboda stiqiur saxes igebda. es mdgomareba ashfotebda ialia da ara marto mas.1905 wlis 17 oqtombers rusetshi kudkvecili konstitucia shemoiges:unda moewviat rusetis parlamenti satatbirod.swored am sabchos wevrad airchies ilia chavchavdze, romelic pirveli qartveli wevri iyo, tviton am sabchoshi ilia monawileobda sxvadsaxva komisita mushaobashi da amzadebda moxsenebas sikvdilit dasjis winaamdeg.1906 wels sabchom miigi gadawyvetileba politikuti aministiis gamocemistvis da ilia momxre iyo am aqtisa.iliam partiis daarsebac scada, jer erovnul-demokratiuli, shemdeg konstiticiur-demokratiuli, romlebic funqcionirebdnen mcire xnit.
aseti shesanishnavi adamiani da chveni xalxis saketilgdeod mogvawe ilia chavchavdze mokles tvitmpyrobelobis agentebma 1907 wlis 30 agvistos om imedit roim qaertvel xalxs gastexdnen, magram sabednierid tavadaznauruli sazogadoeba ufro metad dairazma rusifiqatoruli -kolonoiuri politikis winaagmdeg da sabolood miagwies mizans. qartvelma xalxma damoukidebloba moipova 1918-21 wlebshi, rashic iliam udidesi roli sheasrula
